Counter-economics is a term originally used by
Samuel Edward Konkin III and
J. Neil Schulman,
libertarian activists and theorists. Konkin defined it as "the study or practice of all peaceful human action which is forbidden by the State." The term is short for "counter-
establishment economics" and may also be referred to as counter politics. Counter-economics was integrated by Schulman into Konkin's doctrine of
agorism.
[1]
[edit] Origin
The first presentation of the theory of counter-economics was made by Samuel Edward Konkin III at a conference organized by J. Neil Schulman in 1974 held in Cheshire, Massachusetts.
[citation needed] The first book to portray counter-economics as a strategy for achieving a libertarian society was Schulman's novel
Alongside Night (1979).
[edit] Relationship with agorism
Konkin's agorism, as exposited in his
New Libertarian Manifesto,
[2] postulates that the correct method of achieving a
voluntary society is through advocacy and growth of the
underground economy or "
black market" – the "counter-economy" as Konkin put it – until such a point that the State's perceived
moral authority and outright power have been so thoroughly undermined that revolutionary market anarchist legal and security enterprises are able to arise from underground and ultimately suppress government as a criminal activity (with taxation being treated as theft, war being treated as mass murder,
et cetera).
According to Konkin's pamphlet
Counter-Economics:
The Counter-Economy is the sum of all non-aggressive Human Action which is forbidden by the State. Counter-economics is the study of the Counter-Economy and its practices. The Counter-Economy includes the free market, the Black Market, the “underground economy,” all acts of civil and social disobedience, all acts of forbidden association (sexual, racial, cross-religious), and anything else the State, at any place or time, chooses to prohibit, control, regulate, tax, or tariff. The Counter-Economy excludes all State-approved action (the “White Market”) and the Red Market (violence and theft not approved by the State).
[3]
According to Konkin, counter-economics also allows for immediate self-liberation from statist controls, to whatever degree practical, by applying entrepreneurial logic to rationally decide which laws to discreetly break and when. The fundamental principle is to
trade risk for profit, although profit can refer to any gain in perceived value rather than strictly monetary gains (as a consequence of the
subjective theory of value).
Voluntary practices of counter-economics include:
[4]
[edit] See also
[edit] References
[edit] External links
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